Background of fresh whole mushrooms, closeup.

A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. The standard for the name `mushroom` is the cultivated white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus; hence the word `mushroom` is most often applied to those fungi Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes that have a stem stipe, a cap pileus, and gills lamellae, sing. lamella on the underside of the cap. `Mushroom` also describes a variety of other gilled fungi, with or without stems, therefore the term is used to describe the fleshy fruiting bodies of some Ascomycota. These gills produce microscopic spores that help the fungus spread across the ground or its occupant surface.

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