The main sights of Altenburg are the castle, the Lindenau-Museum, the historic city center

Altenburg was first mentioned in 976 and later became one of the first German cities within former Slavic area, east of the Saale river as part of the medieval Ostsiedlung movement. The emperor Frederick Barbarossa visited Altenburg several times between 1165 and 1188, hence the town is named a Barbarossa town today. Since the 17th century, Altenburg was the residence of different Ernestine duchies, of whom the Saxe-Altenburg persisted until the end of monarchy in Germany in 1918. Industrialization reached Altenburg and the region quite early in the first half of the 19th century and flourished until the Great Depression around 1930. Economic malaise set in while Altenburg was in East Germany

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