The MN blood group system is based on the presence or absence of two antigens, M and N, on the surface of red blood cells. The M antigen is encoded by the glycophorin A (GYPA) gene, while the N antigen is encoded by the glycophorin B (GYPB) gene. Individuals can have one of three possible MN phenotypes: M N, M M, or N N. The MN blood group system is important in blood typing and compatibility testing, particularly in forensic analysis and paternity testing.
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